Corticobasal Degeneration
This article provides an in-depth look at Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and gait disorders, cognitive decline, and behavioral abnormalities. It discusses the median survival rate for patients with CBD and notes the absence of effective treatments for the disease. The article outlines various non-pharmacological and pharmacological management strategies to alleviate symptoms, including physical and occupational therapy, dietary modifications, and a range of medications targeting different symptoms of CBD.
Symptoms and Characteristics of Corticobasal Degeneration
Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which causes progressive asymmetrical motor and gait disorders including limb rigidity, bradykinesia, focal myoclonus, dystonia, and/or apraxia. Also, it is associated with cognitive decline and behavioural abnormalities. Behavioural manifestations include compulsive behaviour, social withdrawal, depression, hyperorality, agitation, irritability, and apathy. The median survival of patients with CBD is 5.5-6.5 years.
Lack of Effective Treatment for CBD
There is no effective treatment for CBD and no medications provide significant symptomatic benefits. Treatment remains targeted at symptom amelioration and is not wholly effective as per trial results.
Non-Pharmacological Measures in CBD Management
Non-pharmacological measures include physical therapy which helps some patients with balance and gait problems. Occupational therapy can be beneficial in assisting with devices for eating and grooming and other adaptive measures. Measures, such as, wheelchairs could help prevent falls. Orthotic splinting may also reduce contractures and relieve pressure from tightly clenched fingers pressing into the palm. Dietician involvement is additionally important because dysphagia is a common symptom in the course of disease.
Pharmacological Treatments in CBD
Levodopa therapy may provide some transient benefits for parkinsonism, which is commonly present in the disease. Other medications include baclofen, clonazepam, and botulinum toxin. For patients with cognitive dysfunction, a cholinesterase inhibitor is reasonable to prescribe.
References
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